If I attack using a Pokemon that has the "Omega Barrage" Ancient Trait, can I do things like attach an Energy or play a Trainer between attacks?
No, you would resolve all effects from the first attack and then either perform your second attack or pass. You don't get to go back into the main part of your turn again.
Source: Primal Clash FAQ (2015-02-05), TPCi Rules Team (2015-02-05)

Relevant cards

Note: All applicable cards may not be listed below.
XY5_121
XY5_26
XY5_69
XY5_81
XY5_97