If my opponent has Celebi-EX with "Time Recall" in play, can I use Golduck's "Amnesia" attack to prevent the Defending Pokemon from using one of its previous evolution's attacks?
No, you can only use Amnesia on the attacks that are present on the opponent's card at the time of your attack.
Source: PUI Rules Team (2005-03-10), Boundaries Crossed FAQ (2012-11-08) Boundaries Crossed FAQ (2012-11-08)

Relevant cards

Note: All applicable cards may not be listed below.
BW7_141
DP7_32
BW7_35